small, but relatively significant, group of African American football players who actually chose to leave their own country … professional football in the Canadian Football League (CFL). Beginning in 1946, a steady flow of African Americans began to migrate … seemingly held by some that, by moving to Canada, African American football players were able to escape the racial injustices …

Over the past 15 years, new stadiums in the National Football League have been built at an unprecedented rate, and most …