Uzbekistan embarked on an ambitious reform path in 2017, starting to liberalize its economy after years of state control. Incomes are still relatively low compared to other emerging economies. Uzbekistan entered the COVID-19 crisis with relatively strong macro-economic fundamentals

This paper discusses recent economic developments, outlook, and risks of West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). Despite the fragile security situation in some member countries and a less favorable external environment in 2015, economic growth exceeded 6 percent for the second...

This paper examines Cambodia’s 2002 Article IV Consultation and Sixth Review Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF). Supported by inflows of development aid, economic activity regained vitality in 1999. The government’s macroeconomic strategy, which was supported by a PRGF...

Madagascar showed satisfactory performance under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) program. Executive Directors agreed that the crisis has undermined the timely achievement of the program, requiring the government to redouble its efforts. They welcomed the 2003 budget and stressed...

The government embarked on a reform program in early 1999 to revive the momentum and policy measures that had been interrupted in 1997 and 1998 owing to the regional financial crisis and internal political turmoil. Monetary and exchange rate policies in 1999 were also supportive of improved...

This paper assesses the Russian Federation’s 2001 Article IV Consultation and Post-Program Monitoring Discussions. Improved economic performance and reduced external vulnerability were reflected in a strengthening of financial market indicators in 2001. The Russian stock market doubled in U.S....

This paper examines Tanzania’s 2004 Article IV Consultation and Second Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility. Tanzania has continued to maintain macroeconomic stability and to make substantial progress in structural reform. Real GDP growth has...

This paper examines Ethiopia’s 2004 Article IV Consultation and Sixth Review Under the Three-Year Arrangement Under the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF). The PRGF program remains on track. All the quantitative performance criteria under the PRGF for end-March 2004, the structural...