This study uses contingent valuation (CV) methods to estimate the benefit of an environmental water quality project of the Tietê River and its tributaries that flow through the São Paulo, Brazil, Metropolitan Area (SPMA). This paper demonstrates the range alternative central tendency measures...

In this note, the authors detail the mechanics of the nonparametric mean and variance calculations of finding willingness to pay (WTP) estimates. There are (at least) three nonparametric estimators of mean WTP that can be obtained from referendum CV survey data. The logic behind all three...

This study uses contingent valuation (CV) methods to estimate the benefit of an environmental water quality project of the Tietê River and its tributaries that flow through the São Paulo, Brazil, Metropolitan Area (SPMA). This paper demonstrates the range alternative central tendency measures...