pattern of foreign direct investment. Using detailed data from China, we show that foreign-owned affiliates and joint ventures … have better export performance than private domestic firms, and that this advantage is systematically greater in sectors at … higher levels of financial vulnerability measured in a variety of ways. These patterns are manifest in firms' export sales …

"As China's export juggernaut employs many imported inputs, there are many policy questions for which it is crucial to …/tax-favored processing exports such as China, Mexico, and Vietnam. We develop a general formula for computing domestic and foreign contents … content in China's exports is at about 50%, almost twice the estimate given by the HIY formula. There are also interesting …