. I study the optimal design of contracts, focusing on the organization of expertise in the communication phase. I show …

(environmental patents and pollution prevention practices) on environmental legitimacy. We show that 1) symbolic actions have a … weaker positive effect on legitimacy than substantive actions; 2) that the impact of symbolic actions is greater when they …

This paper examines the diversity of linkages of firms to science and their effect on innovation performance for a … sample of Belgian firms (CIS-3). While at the sectoral level links to science are highly related to the R&D intensity of the … sector, we show that there is considerable heterogeneity in the type of links to science at the firm level. Overall, firms …

Science has been shown to be an important driver of economic growth and performance. In this chapter we take a careful … look at a key ingredient of this driver for Catalonia: the link between science and business. We argue that the Catalan … innovation system faces three important challenges in order to better connect science to business: 1) the need for a sufficient …