In this paper, we define and analyze shareholder value creation. To help us understand this concept better, we use the example of two listed companies, General Electric and Microsoft, between 1992 and 2003. To obtain the created shareholder value, we first define the increase of equity market...

This paper contains 100 questions that students, alumni and other persons (judges, arbitrageurs, clients¿) have posed to me over the past years. They were recompiled so as to help the reader remember, clarify and, in some cases, discuss some useful concepts in finance. Most of the questions...

This paper analyzes the performance consequences of employee stock options for a broad sample of firms during the period 1996-1999. Our tests are performed separately for the top 5 executives and all other employees. We estimate the expected level of option incentives based on each firm's...

Spanish convertible bonds are different from American convertible bonds. First, the conversion price is not fixed in pesetas, but is defined as a percentage discount off the average share price over a number of days before conversion. Second, the conversion option can be exercised at only a few...

2003 was a good year for the shareholders of the companies in the Euro Stoxx 50: the shareholder value creation of these 50 companies was €150,016 million. The companies that created most value for their shareholder were Siemens (€18,778 million), Telefonica (15,382) and BSCH (12,443). The...

We prove that in a world without leverage cost the relationship between the levered beta ( L) and the unlevered beta ( u) is the No-costs-of-leverage formula: L = u + ( u - d) D (1 - T) / E. We also analyze 6 alternative valuation theories proposed in the literature to estimate the relationship...

En 2008 (hasta el 17 de septiembre), la rentabilidad de la bolsa española fue -25,9%, y hubo nueve empresas (entre 125) con rentabilidad positiva. Las 125 empresas destruyeron valor para sus accionistas por importe de 267 millardos de euros. Considerando conjuntamente 2007 y 2008 (hasta el 17...

La destrucción de valor para los accionistas de las 125 empresas españolas del mercado continuo en 2007 fue €15 millardos en 2007 y €89 millardos en los 17 primeros días de 2008. Telefónica fue la que más valor creó para sus accionistas en 2007, seguida de Arcelor, Iberdrola, Acciona y...

2004 was a good year for the shareholders of the companies in the Euro Stoxx 50: the shareholder value creation of these 50 companies was €42,880 million. It was not as good as 2003, however, when their value creation reached slightly over €160,000 million. The companies that created most...

This paper shows that ten methods of company valuation using discounted cash flows (WACC; equity cash flow; capital cash flow; adjusted present value; residual income; EVA; business's risk-adjusted equity cash flow; business's risk-adjusted free cash flow; risk-free-adjusted equity cash flow; and...