In this paper we carefully link knowledge flows to and from a firm's innovation process with this firm's investment decisions. Three types of investments are considered: investments in applied research, investments in basic research, and investments in intellectual property protection. Only when...

This paper examines the diversity of linkages of firms to science and their effect on innovation performance for a sample of Belgian firms (CIS-3). While at the sectoral level links to science are highly related to the R&D intensity of the sector, we show that there is considerable heterogeneity...

This paper presents an econometric analysis of firm and industry characteristics conducive to cooperation with universities, using Community Innovation Survey (I) data for Belgium. We find that large firms are more likely to have cooperative agreements with universities. These agreements are...

While the impact of M&A on R&D and innovation examined at the aggregate level left inconclusive evidence, we find that at the level of the R&D process both the technological and the market relatedness between the target and the acquirer are helpful dimensions to identify effects. Using...

Different aspects of external information flows have typically been lumped together under the name "spillovers". We attempt to refine our understanding of external information flows through the construction of firm-specific measures of incoming spillovers and appropriability from survey data on...

This paper analyzes the performance consequences of employee stock options for a broad sample of firms during the period 1996-1999. Our tests are performed separately for the top 5 executives and all other employees. We estimate the expected level of option incentives based on each firm's...

La valoración de una empresa es un ejercicio de sentido común que requiere unos pocos conocimientos técnicos y mejora con la experiencia. Ambos (sentido común y conocimientos técnicos) son necesarios para no perder de vista: ¿qué se está haciendo?, ¿por qué se está haciendo la...

The average Market Risk Premium (MRP) used in 2008 by professors in the United States (6.5%) was higher than the one used by their colleagues in Europe (5.3%), Canada (5.4%), the United Kingdom (5.6%) and Australia (5.9%). The dispersion of the MRP was high. 15% ofthe professors decreased their...

En 2008, la rentabilidad de la bolsa española fue -40%, sólo hubo tres empresas (entre 136) con rentabilidad positiva y 61 empresas tuvieron una rentabilidad inferior a -50%. Las 136 empresas destruyeron valor para sus accionistas por importe de 420 millardos de euros. Ha sido un año con gran...

La destrucción de valor para los accionistas del IBEX 35 en 2008 fue de 238 millardos de euros, y la rentabilidad (teniendo en cuenta los dividendos) fue -36,5%. Entre 1991 y 2008, la creación de valor para los accionistas fue de 4 millardos de euros, y la rentabilidad media, 11,1%, aunque una...