manufacturing exports and examines the intra-distribution dynamics. The Balassa index is also computed using import data, which … allows for an assessment on the similitude of relative import structures and a crude identification of major vertical …, particularly in Ireland. Over the last four decades, Portugal shows a tendency to reduce its overall extent of export …

export specialization on the per capita income and growth of some countries in West and East Asia and the Pacific and …

two way trading (firms that export and import). I determine that the intensity of financial leverage does not inhibit … firms which export only from becoming two way traders, but it does inhibit firms which import only or operate only within … the national market than firms that import only. Since unobserved factors may influence both trading activities and …