turnout provided by the voting age restriction. I improve on previous studies by investigating political attitudes, measured … just before elections, when they are highly predictive of voting. In contrast to earlier studies I find no effect of voting …Cognitive dissonance theory predicts that the act of voting makes people more positive toward the party or candidate …

female and male candidates and how different candidate traits relate to success in real and hypothetical elections. We have … success in real elections better than evaluations of competence, intelligence, likability, or trustworthiness. The beauty …

We present and test a theory of prospective and retrospective pocketbook voting. Focusing on two large reforms in … Sweden, we establish a causal chain from policies to sizeable individual gains and losses and then to voting. The Social …-in-differences strategy for identification. We find clear evidence of prospective pocketbook voting. Voters respond to campaign promises but …

Australia, Finland, France, and the United States. This appearance gap gives candidates on the right an advantage in elections … 6% in the 2000-2006 U.S. Senate elections because they fielded candidates who looked more competent. These shifts are … Republicans also won nine of the 15 gubernatorial elections where looks were decisive. Using Finnish data, we also show that …

Recent research has documented that competent-looking political candidates do better in U.S. elections and that … that babyfaced political candidates are perceived as less competent and therefore fare worse in elections. We test this …

nationalist voting and increases the center-left vote share. This effect is partly due to manufacturing spillovers and demographic …

her party-line. A district-election does not affect roll call voting behavior causally, possibly due to overall high … adherence to party voting. Analyzing the parliamentary speeches of each MP allows us to overcome the high party discipline with … regard to parliamentary voting. Using textual analysis and machine learning techniques, we create two measures of closeness …

economic growth, using panel data on 284 municipalities and 9 regions, covering Swedish general elections from 1982 to 2002 …