Since July 2007 the world economy has experienced a severe financial crisis originating in the U.S. housing market. The …

We examine whether Europe has an “entrepreneurship deficit” compared to other industrialized regions. Cross … business activity and startup rates suggest that Europe has the same or higher rates of entrepreneurship than the U.S. and East … who earned their wealth by creating new firms. Western Europe is shown to underperform in all four measures of high …

burdens have higher entrepreneurship rates but less self-employment. Europe has a higher self-employment rate than the United … States and East Asia. At the same time, Europe has a lower entrepreneurship rate than competitor regions. Europe …

-country research using these instruments. While the short-term health impact of retirement in Europe remains uncertain, the medium- to …

transmission is stronger in Northern Europe. Ancestry from more developed countries suggests a stronger transmission of trust, but … the heterogeneity in ancestry dissipates for individuals who reside in Northern Europe. The results suggest an interaction … between cultural background and current institutions, where building trust in Northern Europe is a long process but the …

general equilibrium model of the world which has externalities: each country invests in TFP and internalizes the dynamic … effects of its own investment, while treating other countries' investments as given. Average world growth is endogenous, as is …-run differences in TFP levels and that, in the long run, the world distribution of TFP across countries may be asymmetric, i.e., twin …