for higher returns to human capital for entrepreneurs. -- Entrepreneurship ; Ability ; Occupational Choice ; Human Capital …

burdens have higher entrepreneurship rates but less self-employment. Europe has a higher self-employment rate than the United … States and East Asia. At the same time, Europe has a lower entrepreneurship rate than competitor regions. Europe … underperforms in entrepreneurship despite having advantages such as a skilled labour force, good infrastructure, large markets and …

effort requires extensive and broad-based institutional reforms aimed at strengthening the incentives for entrepreneurship …. Innovative entrepreneurship requires collaborations with numerous agents that provide those skills and resources that the … markets, and (vi) human capital for entrepreneurship. The reforms would likely strengthen Europe's innovation capacity at a …

to promote entrepreneurship, innovation and growth. …

We examine whether Europe has an "entrepreneurship deficit" compared to other industrialized regions. Cross …-country comparisons are difficult due to the lack of standard empirical definitions of entrepreneurship. Measures focusing on small … business activity and startup rates suggest that Europe has the same or higher rates of entrepreneurship than the U.S. and East …

fuller entrepreneurship. We also examine if a digital proto-entrepreneurial experience is sustainable over time by analysing … of necessity, making their journey from proto- to full entrepreneurship less feasible. Our paper provides additional …