inclusion can enhance existing income and empowerment inequalities by relegating marginalized groups, including women, to low … absolute and relative levels of men’s and women’s empowerment. Women in producer households, on average, fare better on … empowerment outcomes than women in wage-earner or entrepreneur households; the opposite is true for men. The gap between men’s and …

the longer term. Using a randomized controlled trial design, we show that a program providing poor women in rural … led to more sustained impacts on IPV than food and BCC – through persistent increases in women's bargaining power, men …

assigning women in Bangladesh to receive cash or food, with or without nutrition behavior change communication (BCC). Six to 10 … months postprogram, IPV did not differ between women receiving transfers and a control group; however, women receiving … women's threat points, men's social costs of violence, and household well-being …