relative decline of agriculture was due to the policies of import-substituting industrialization (ISI). This was also the …. We find that the declining land-labor ratio was more important than ISI in explaining relative stagnation in agriculture … agriculture …

transformation of its economy all at the same time without a big increase in urban manufacturing. Agriculture was a critical part of … this transformation through two important channels. First, export-oriented agriculture, particularly palm oil and rubber … the macro economy. Second, through the release of workers from low productivity agriculture to more productive …

relative decline of agriculture was due to the policies of import-substituting industrialization (ISI). This was also the …. We find that the declining land-labor ratio was more important than ISI in explaining relative stagnation in agriculture … agriculture …

engaged in agriculture. This decline is most pronounced for rural females over the age of 25 who have a primary education … productivity agriculture to higher productivity services and manufacturing. We also show that although the employment share in …

labor is not exiting agriculture as fast as agriculture's share of value added has been declining. The ST has decreased from … disproportionate share of the labor force in agriculture through higher productivity …

participation in agriculture. We use variation in male educational attainment generated by Indonesia's Sekolah Dasar INPRES program … to be employed outside of agriculture–particularly in industry–and less likely to be agricultural workers. Then … may help to accelerate shifts away from agriculture …

clearer picture of Chinese activities in agriculture is important as a foundation for Africans and their development partners … to more fruitfully engage with an increasingly important actor. Chinese engagement in agriculture and rural development …