-the-border policies like output subsidies, R&D subsidies, and public R&D investments. This is a new type of protectionism that becomes … restraints, and minimum price agreements) as well as “behind-the-border†policies (output subsidies, R&D subsidies, and public … on R&D, as well as the impact of production subsidies, public R&D investments, and minimum price agreements on private R …

"This paper reviews the trends in government subsidies and investments in and for Indian agriculture; develops a … conceptual framework and model to assess the impact of various subsidies and investments on agricultural growth and poverty … and governance. There are three major findings. First, initial subsidies in credit, fertilizer, and irrigation have been …

Though input vouchers are being publicized as a mechanism to simultaneously target subsidies and develop demand in …, exist on the effect of targeted subsidies on private input demand in Nigeria or West Africa . Consequently this study begins …

Export subsidies can generate or curb many perverse incentives for exporters, their expansionary effects on exports … and product specifications. Also, if there is under-invoicing, in principle it should decline with export subsidies since … of export subsidies on the under-invoicing of exports in Bangladesh. In a framework that allows for unobserved …

While there is growing evidence of the impact of targeted subsidies on private input demand, as far as we are aware no … empirical studies have examined the spillover effects of targeted subsidies for just one input on the use of other complementary …