likely to choose private hospitals; and that dominant drivers of sorting between public and private providers are health … suggest differences in health explain 18% of the difference in the use of private providers between rich and poor patients … market frictions, limited variation in payments made to hospitals according to patient health means that sorting is estimated …

Health spending per capita in England has more than doubled since 1997, yet relatively little is known about how that … spending is distributed across the population. This paper uses administrative National Health Service (NHS) hospital records to …

elective surgery responds following the entry of private providers into the market for publicly funded health care in England …