</titre> Fair trade is increasing in developing countries with in the same time some movements of local certification. We analyse this double movement. We underline the existence of three concomitant reasons : a reaction to the hegemony exerted by FLO on fair trade standards, the need to create new...

Examines the performance of the cut-flower industry and its impact on national economic development and local communities. Based on field survey covering 12 flower farms in northern Tanzania.

Outlines the history of the fair trade movement, its developments, different approaches and lessons learned. Examines future challenges and ways in which the lessons learned can influence trade and development. Focuses on how to boost market opportunities in the developed countries for MSEs in...