to have dealt with the volatility better. Why? This paper explores Australian terms of trade volatility since 1901. It …Even though Australia has experienced frequent and large commodity export price shocks like the Third World, it seems …

dependent on the oil sector. Since the lifting of the Libya-specific trade sanctions of the United Nation and United States in …

-reducing terms of trade volatility was the other. Between 1820 and 1870, terms of trade volatility was much greater in the poor … from 1870-2000, we know that terms of trade volatility lowers long run growth in the poor periphery, and that the negative … impact is big. Given that terms of trade volatility in the poor periphery was even bigger during the century before 1870, it …

.1 percent of GDP in 2010. A compression of imports in 2009, the region’s external current account deficit is estimated to have …

We find that Chinese trade flows respond to economic activity and relative prices - as represented by a trade weighted … sensitive to the treatment of time trends. Estimates of aggregate imports are more problematic. In many cases, Chinese aggregate … imports actually rise in response to a RMB depreciation and decline with Chinese GDP. This is true even after accounting for …

A widely held view is that openness to international trade leads to higher GDP volatility, as trade increases … important, openness to international trade can lower GDP volatility by reducing exposure to domestic shocks and allowing … question of whether and how international trade affects economic volatility …