moderation. The paper identifies structural shifts in the relationship between wages and unemployment rates—a “wage curveâ … relationship with unemployment rates and business GDP. The paper also examines aspects of the European Central Bank’s monetary …

This Selected Issues paper for South Africa presents a quantitative analysis of inflation dynamics in the country. The … inflation. Exposed to exchange rate and other shocks, the model confirms that a delayed policy response to inflation shocks … leads to persistently higher inflation rates and, subsequently, to a sharp real contraction of the economy. …

inflation since 2010 have led to a reevaluation of Brazil’s long-term potential growth rate. Growth accounting suggests that … dividend of a rapidly expanding labor force is fading and further structural declines in unemployment are likely to be limited …

, unemployment rate by regions, consumer price inflation and CPI weights, industrial producer prices, wages, pensions and per capita … by sector, industrial employment by sector, indicators of hidden unemployment, selected labor market indicators …

inflation and structural reforms aimed at stimulating growth and employment creation. Consistent with IMF recommendations, in …

, inflation, and fiscal policy. The rapid expansion is supported by an outward-oriented development strategy and sustained high …