This Technical Assistance report presents an evaluation of improved Green Tax Options for Chile. Consistent with its emission reduction ambitions, Chile has developed multiple climate policies. While Chile has made important progress to align policies with climate commitments, additional...

This Technical Assistance report identifies tax policy reform options to stop the drain on Lebanon's tax revenue in the immediate and near terms and to move toward a more efficient, effective, and inclusive tax system in the medium term. Lebanon entered the economic crisis already with one of...

This technical assistance report on the Republic of Armenia discusses personal tax policy and presents the policy review and introduction of a universal declaration. Costly and regressive tax incentives should be repealed. A Universal Personal Income Tax (PIT) Declaration makes it possible to...

This Selected Issues paper assesses the youth unemployment problem in advanced European economies, especially the euro area. Youth unemployment rates increased sharply in the euro area after the crisis. Much of these increases can be explained by output dynamics and the greater sensitivity of...

EXECUTIVE SUMMARYEuroclear Bank is a securities settlement system that contributes to the safety and efficiency of global markets for government bonds and other international securities but also concentrates systemic risk. It is one of the largest securities settlement systems worldwide with a...

This Selected Issues paper highlights quantitative tightening (QT) by the European Central Bank (ECB). It uses evidence from the literature on the impact of central bank bond purchases and sales on bond yields, and the monetary policy stance, to outline a roadmap for reducing the Euro system's...

The 2023 Article IV Consultation discusses that the euro area economy has shown remarkable resilience in the aftermath of Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the largest terms of trade shock in several decades, thanks to a swift policy response and a strong rebound in contact-intensive services....

This technical assistance report on Georgia focuses on operationalizing the new bank recovery and resolution frameworks. The Georgian authorities have indicated their interest in operationalizing their recovery, resolution, and crisis management frameworks. The report highlights the need to...

This technical assistance report on Georgia focuses on operationalizing the new bank recovery and resolution frameworks. The economic environment has improved, as coronavirus disease, 2019 has been brought under control but there are new challenges emerging. Economic growth is strong, interest...

This paper on Republic of Croatia focuses on representative rate for the Euro. The Council of the European Union decided on July 12, 2022 that the Republic of Croatia had fulfilled the necessary conditions for adoption of the euro with effect from January 1, 2023, and that the conversion rate...