This study estimated Indonesia's potential growth rate and examined its underlying determinants. Implementing a comprehensive program to address key influencing issues can improve the effectiveness of monetary policy, increase financial stability, and support capital market development. This...

This Selected Issues paper focuses on policies to address climate change in Ukraine. The war has been a setback to continued progress on Ukraine's climate objectives. Over the longer term, Ukraine has potential to implement policies that internalize climate-related priorities as well as...

This technical note highlights macroprudential policy in Iceland. Macroprudential policy in Iceland recently has centered on the property market, given the importance of this market for households' balance sheets, banks' loan portfolios, and the potential systemic risks. The Central Bank of...

This paper highlights Republic of Mozambique's Second Review under the Three-Year Arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF), Requests for Modification of The Monetary Policy Consultation Clause, Waivers of Nonobservance for Quantitative Performance Criteria, and Financing Assurances...

This paper highlights Central African Economic and Monetary Community's (CEMAC) common policies in support of member countries reform programs. CEMAC benefited from favorable hydrocarbon prices in 2022. Economic recovery firmed up and the external position strengthened, with external reserves...

This paper discusses Costa Rica's Fourth Review under the Extended Arrangement under the Extended Fund Facility (EFF), First Review under the Resilience and Sustainability Arrangement, Request for Modification of Reform Measure under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF), and Monetary...

This paper analyses Republic of Armenia's First Review under the Stand-By Arrangement (SBA). Armenia's economic activity was very strong in 2022, with real gross domestic product growing at 12.6 percent, driven by robust consumption and external demand. Growth is projected to be at 5.5 percent...

This technical note looks at the systemic risks stemming from the potential issuance of Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC) in Sweden, as well as the growing significance of the Fintech sector. The Riksbank has been one of the pioneers in the analysis of CBDC, has recognized risks, and has put...

This paper highlights Zambia's Second Review under the Arrangement under the Extended Credit Facility, Requests for a Waiver of Nonobservance of a Quantitative Performance Criterion, Modifications of the Monetary Policy Consultation Clause and of Quantitative Performance Criteria, and Financing...