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The primary aim of the reform of EU rules on research, development and innovation for the period 2014-20 is to ensure that aid stimulates more research and that it is kept to the minimum necessary. This paper develops a simple model that identifies a number of problems in the public funding of...
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There is a general consensus that member state interaction within the EU system will lead to convergence and an overall improvement of domestic policies and administrative systems. This article poses that non-convergence is also possible and develops a model of Europeanisation that explains both...
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enforcement differs from the socially optimal level, membership of a regional bloc that strengthens accountability mechanisms can … the regulatory burden, together with strengthened accountability, will move a country farther away from its socially …
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-agent theory and complements it with the analysis of the trade-off between different levels of independence and accountability of … agencies. A simple economic model is developed to illustrate the relationship between the independence and accountability of an … agency. It shows that it is the accountability mechanism that induces the agent to act, rather than the extent of his …
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Although the Treaty of Amsterdam has not lived up to the expectations of those who wanted a substantially stronger and more active European Union, it has expanded considerably the competences of the Union. In some policy areas such as social policy, it has added significantly to the obligations...
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