This paper describes how behavioral elements are relevant to financial supervision,regulation, and central banking. It focuses on (1) behavioral effects of norms (social, legal,and market); (2) behavior of others (internalization, identification, and compliance); and(3) psychological biases. It...

This paper examines key considerations around central bank digital currency (CBDC) foruse by the general public, based on a comprehensive review of recent research, centralbank experiments, and ongoing discussions among stakeholders. It looks at the reasonswhy central banks are exploring retail...

Based on technical assistance to central banks by the IMF’s Monetary and Capital Markets Department and Information Technology Department, this paper examines fintech and the related area of cybersecurity from the perspective of central bank risk management. The paper draws on findings from...