This paper reviews the evidence on how households in Sub-Saharan Africa segment along consumption, income and earning … importance of home-grown food in the income and consumption of households well up the income distribution, the lack of formal … financial inclusion for all but the richest households, and the importance of non-wage income. These stylized facts suggest that …

We revisit Lipset's law, which posits a positive and significant relationship between income and democracy. Using … dynamic and heterogeneous panel data estimation techniques, we find a significant and negative relationship between income and … democracy: higher/lower incomes per capita hinder/trigger democratization. Decomposing overall income per capita into its …

This paper develops a framework for the quantitative analysis of individual income dynamics, mobility and welfare …. Individual income is assumed to follow a stochastic process with two (unobserved) components, an i.i.d. component representing … measurement error or transitory income shocks and an AR(1) component representing persistent changes in income. We use a tractable …

This paper investigates the main determinants of income inequality in transition countries during the period 1990 …-2018. To this end, we address a major methodological challenge that lies at the core of the cross-country literature on income … inequality: the potential endogeneity of income growth, which is largely ignored by most empirical studies. We adopt a two …

This paper is the first comprehensive empirical study of earnings, income, and consumption inequality in urban China … increase in economic inequality for the sample period. The paper finds that consumption inequality closely tracks income … dramatic increase in noninsurable idiosyncratic permanent income shocks after the early 1990s, associated with the economic …

In this study, we document the decline in income inequality and a convergence in consumption patterns in Brazilian … regression framework, we find that labor income growth, formalization, and schooling contributed to the decline in inequality …

We analyze microdata from Mexico's survey on household income and expenditures (ENIGH) to study the evolution of income …

Using bilateral data on migration across US metro areas, we find strong evidence that increasing house price and income … dominate the incentives from higher earnings. By contrast, increasing income inequality drives the fall in downhill migration …

The paper uses a combination of micro-level datasets to document the rise of income polarization - what some have … referred to as the 'hollowing out' of the income distribution - in the United States, since the 1970s. While in the initial … decades more middle-income households moved up, rather than down, the income ladder, since the turn of the current century …