We revisit Lipset's law, which posits a positive and significant relationship between income and democracy. Using … dynamic and heterogeneous panel data estimation techniques, we find a significant and negative relationship between income and … democracy: higher/lower incomes per capita hinder/trigger democratization. Decomposing overall income per capita into its …

This paper develops a framework for the quantitative analysis of individual income dynamics, mobility and welfare …. Individual income is assumed to follow a stochastic process with two (unobserved) components, an i.i.d. component representing … measurement error or transitory income shocks and an AR(1) component representing persistent changes in income. We use a tractable …

and inequality. Our cross-country estimates for trade's impact on real income areconsistently positive and significant … over time. At the same time, we do not find anystatistical evidence that more trade increases aggregate measures of income …

Global merchandise trade expanded rapidly over the last 6 1/2 decades and its relationship with global income has seen … exports and income. The paper estimates trade and income elasticities using ADL models taking account of structural breaks … and income are in a 'new normal' or only 'back to (an old) normal' after the GTC and GFC …

This paper reviews the evidence on how households in Sub-Saharan Africa segment along consumption, income and earning … importance of home-grown food in the income and consumption of households well up the income distribution, the lack of formal … financial inclusion for all but the richest households, and the importance of non-wage income. These stylized facts suggest that …