This paper examines the extent to which there has been convergence in real per capita incomes across developing countries during the last two decades. In the analysis particular emphasis is placed on the separate roles played by private and public sector investment in determining both the extent...

The paper discusses the impact and implications of Korean unification by setting up a two-region endogenous growth model. The numerical solutions are based on the formal analytical model, and have been calibrated so that they reflect the observed features of the North and South Korean economies....

The paper examines Senegal's growth performance from the perspective of its povertyreducingand distributional characteristics, and discusses policies that might help makegrowth more inclusive. The main findings are that poverty has fallen in the last two decades,but poverty reduction has slowed...

This paper reviews the significant macro-fiscal challenges posed by climate change inDjibouti and the costs of mitigation and adaptation policies. The paper concludes thatDjibouti is susceptible to climate change and related costs are potentially large. Investingnow in adaptation and mitigation...

This paper analyzes the existence of 'wealth effects' derived from net equity (in the form of housing, financial assets, and total net worth) on consumption. The study uses longitudinal household-level data -- from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) -- covering about 7,000-9,000...

The paper reviews Djibouti's macroeconomic reforms aimed at achieving middle-income status as envisaged in Vision Djibouti 2035, the authorities' development strategy. In this context, the paper reviews policy options available to the authorities in three critical reform areas: translating the...

The paper suggests an operationally usable framework for the evaluation of growthinclusiveness-the inclusive growth framework (IGF). Based on the data on growth, poverty,and inequality, the framework allows for the quantitative assessment of growth inclusiveness.The assessment relies on the...

We examine the impact of digitalization on people’s perceptions of women as political leaders in 34 Sub-Saharan African countries. We find that being a social media or internet user is linked to a higher likelihood of people supporting gender equality in political leadership. However, the...

Low-income economies face negative shocks whose frequency and disproportionate impact overcome growth trajectories, producing a negative drift. COVID-19 was the latest such episode. To escape this negative drift, and build a durable recovery, there is a need for a counter-balancing force: to...

Welfare economics, scope and performance of government, externalities, public goods, cost-benefit analysis, subsidies economize on spending without losing effectiveness by modifying the conceptual framework guiding state expenditures. The familiar framework says that state intervention is...