banks was sizable. We show that the shadow banking system was at least 50 percent bigger than documented so far. We also …, supervisors of large banks that report on a global consolidated basis may need to enhance their understanding of the off …-balance sheet funding that these banks receive via rehypothecation from other jurisdictions …

countries. Current market shares of foreign banks average 20 percent in OECD countries and 50 percent elsewhere. Foreign banks … have higher capital and more liquidity, but lower profitability than domestic banks do. Only in developing countries is … foreign bank presence negatively related with domestic credit creation. During the global crisis foreign banks reduced credit …

decades leads trading in banks to become increasingly risky, so that problems in managing and regulating trading in banks will …

been a significant decline in the interconnectedness in the pledged collateral market between banks and non-banks. We find …

in general, better capitalized and less leveraged banks have outperformed their peers, a finding that supports …

We examine the impact of banks' exposure to market liquidity shocks through wholesale funding on their supply of credit … factors that could potentially be large when comparing banks' overall lending across heterogeneous categories of credit. The … disaggregated data on mortgage applications that we use allows us to study the time variations in banks' decisions to grant mortgage …

conventional bond and equity prices are driven by common factors. Likewise, especially in recent years, Islamic banks have … responded to economic and financial shocks in the same way as conventional banks, suggesting that the gap between Islamic and …