interact with informality. Using employment surveys and a firm-level economic census, we document a number of novel features … about informal firms in Mexico. We then construct and estimate a model of heterogeneous firms and endogenous informality to …

-country comparisons indicate strong associations between gender gaps and higher female informality. This paper uses microdata from Senegal …

around 35 percent of GDP in Armenia. Furthermore, the results show that higher levels of informality increase the levels of …

Paraguay's economy features a high degree of informality. Based on different estimation approaches, informal activity … government effectiveness are the ultimate determinants of informality. In all of these areas Paraguay performs weakly compared to … combination of policies to reduce informality is not straightforward, and needs to reflect the specific circumstances and …

gradually declining. It also finds significant heterogeneity, with informality ranging from a low of 20 to 25 percent in …

calibrate the model to the Brazilian economy to evaluate the impact of removing financial frictions on informality. We find that …

This paper investigates the role of informality in affecting the magnitude of the fiscal multiplier in a panel of 141 … countries, using the local projections method. We find a strong negative relationship between the degree of informality and the … official goods, shifting demand towards the informal sector. This reallocation effect increases with the level of informality …