We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the … shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015 … Multiple Causes (MIMIC) in a structured hybrid-model based estimation procedure, are promising approaches from an econometric …

In this paper, we examine how the presence of country insurance schemes affects policymakers' incentives to undertake … reform in crisis-prone volatile economies. The consequences of country insurance, however, hinge on the nature of the reforms … ultimately discouraged by, insurance. By contrast, "enhancing" reforms that pay off more generously in the absence of a crisis …

statistically significant output effect under floating exchange rate regimes. For the estimation of the output effects of fiscal …

Over the last two decades, world trade and production have become increasingly organized around global value chains …

generations equally? The answer is the sum of the Long-Run Biological Interest Rates (LBIR), the real-world equivalent of …