cases, the stringency of the lockdown, and the fiscal and monetary policy response determined the dynamics of portfolio … financing needs in affected economies. Lockdown and fiscal policy measures also led to an increase in portfolio flows; however …

surprises in vaccines administered, we find that an unexpected increase in vaccination per capita is associated with a … significant increase in economic activity. We also find evidence for non-linear effects of vaccines, with the marginal economic … benefits being larger when vaccination rates are higher. Country-specific conditions play an important role, with lower …

Following the Great Lockdown in 2020, it is important to take stock of lessons learned. How effective have different … information campaigns ─ rather than stay-at-home requirements. Using past coronavirus outbreaks as an instrumental variable, we …

covering the period end-2020 to mid-2021. Causal effects are identified through instrumenting vaccination rates with county …. Specifically, an increase of initiated vaccination rates of 1 percentage point increases weekly consumer spending by 0.6 percent … of vaccines is important to reduce inequality. Our results are specific to the United States, but hold important lessons …

data, we find that: (i) early vaccine procurement, domestic production of vaccines, the severity of the pandemic, a country …’s health infrastructure, and vaccine acceptance are significant determinants of the speed of vaccination rollouts; (ii) vaccine …

foundations for future resilience …

European authorities introduced stringent lockdown measures in early 2020 to reduce the transmission of COVID-19. As …

A lack of timely financing for purchases of vaccines and other health products impeded the global response to the COVID …