2008-2009 crisis. This paper discusses the efficiency of this type of policy and investigates its impact on unemployment … unemployment during downturns. All in all, it seems that short-time work programs used in the recent downturn had significant …

firms and institutions. In cross-country data, we show that teaching practices (such as copying from the board versus …

labor market institutions are similar and their unemployment rates just before the crisis were both around 8%. Yet, in …This paper analyzes the strikingly different response of unemployment to the Great Recession in France and Spain. Their … France, unemployment rate has increased by 2 percentage points, whereas in Spain it has shot up to 19% by the end of 2009. We …

. Understanding the interaction between income support systems (such as unemployment benefits, social assistance, early retirement and …. The German labor market has been plagued by high and persistent unemployment in the last two decades in combination with a …

, we simulate the effects of this reform on unemployment, employment, and welfare. We estimate that the CNE will lead to …