This study assesses the overall impact on credit of the financial regulatory reforms in Europe, Japan, and the United … higher taxes and fees. Overall, average lending rates in the base case would rise by 18 bps in Europe, 8 bps in Japan, and 28 …

effectiveness may moderate in graying societies. It then uses Bayesian estimation techniques for the U.S., Canada, Japan, U.K., and …

financial markets and spillovers from Europe to Japan. The results also suggest that the uncertainty about the direction of …

States and the quantitative and qualitative easing (QQME) of Japan. Korea is an intriguing case due to its borderline … position between advanced and emerging market country groups, and the common perception that Korea competes fiercely with Japan …