business cycle variance and about 25 percent of the variance of inflation. …

Many central banks target an inflation rate near two percent. This essay argues that policymakers would do better to … target four percent inflation. A four percent target would ease the constraints on monetary policy arising from the zero … cost, because four percent inflation does not harm an economy significantly. …

We develop a semi-structural new-Keynesian open-economy model, with separate food and non-food inflation dynamics, for …-relevant exercises. First, we filter international and Kenyan data (on output, inflation and its components, exchange rates and interest … inflation. Third, we perform an out-of-sample forecast to identify where the economy—and therefore policy—was likely headed …

inflation, unemployment, government deficit, and GDP growth into a single indicator. In contrast to other indexes, the EPI does …