This paper constructs new indicators of liquidity for equity, bond and money markets in major advanced and emerging … evidence of an historical increase in market liquidity since the early 1990s, in part as a result of advances in international … financial integration, but markets have been increasingly exposed to global systemic liquidity shocks. Second, liq …

as financial depth and integration were also relevant. Finally, countercyclical monetary policy and liquidity played a …

The Gambia is to become an inflation targeter lite. …

Interest rates in China comprise a mix of both market determined interest rates (interbank rates and bond yields), and … regulated interest rates (lending and deposit rates), reflecting China's gradual process of interest rate liberalization. We …

times. An inflation shock only slightly reduces the debt ratio for a few quarters. A positive growth shock unambiguously …

What is the impact of climate change on inflation and growth dynamics? This is not a simple question to answer as … climate-related shocks affect inflation and economic growth also depends on long-run scarring in the economy and the country … investigate how climate shocks, as measured by climate-induced natural disasters, influence inflation and economic growth in a …

economic growth. This paper examines the roles of three other factors: primary budget surpluses, surprise inflation, and pegged … inflation and the pre-Accord peg. In this counterfactual, debt/GDP declines only to 74% in 1974, not 23% as in actual history …

This paper gauges the potential effects on employment of rebalancing China's exportoriented growth model toward … existing and new services as well as reorienting the production of tradable goods toward domestic markets. In China's case … paper shows that while rebalancing China's growth toward a domestic-demand-led economy would likely raise aggregate e …

Over the past decade, China's growth model has become more reliant on investment and its footprint in global imports … has widened substantially. Several economies within China's supply chain are increasingly exposed to its investment …-led growth and face growing risks from a deceleration in investment in China. This note quantifies potential global spillovers …