The EU Services Directive was adopted in 2006 to foster competition in services across Europe. However, progress in … liberalization process could be given by enhancing the advocacy role of national competition authorities in interpreting the notion …

smaller bank size. Overall, we find that concentrated market structures and lack of competition in LICs banking systems and … provide strong evidence that policies aimed at fostering banking competition and strengthening institutional frameworks can …

has encouraged more competition in merchandise manufacturing and heavy industries while barriers to market access remain …

In this paper, we explore how competition among stock exchanges, operated as self-regulatory organizations (SROs … incomplete and investors do not have perfect information about the monitoring efficiency, competition among exchanges induces a …

Traditional bank competition policy seeks to balance efficiency with incentives to take risk. The main tools are rules … seek to affect the degree of competition by focusing on market structure (i.e. concentration) may have limited effect. We … argue that bank competition policy should be reoriented to deal with the too-big-to-fail (TBTF) problem. It should also …

conclusions. First, further steps in regional integration would enhance competition and produce large economic benefits for both …

This paper provides an empirical assessment of the degree of competition in Hong Kong SAR using industry-level data … decade has also made it slightly less competitive on average. Imperfect competition is not leading to counter …

This paper presents empirical evidence on the impact of competition on firm productivity. Using firm-level observations … competition and our measures of productivity. We also find that countries that implemented product-market reforms had a more … pronounced increase in competition, and correspondingly, in productivity: the contribution to productivity growth due to …