Showing 1 - 10 of 205
This paper benchmarks the efficiency of public expenditure in the social sectors in the Russian Federation relative to other countries and among the country's regions. It finds that there is substantial room for efficiency gains, particularly in health care and social protection, although less...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005599372
The paper explores the quality of the recent high-growth episode in sub-Saharan Africa by examining the following two questions: (i) what has been the nature and pattern of SSA growth over the past 15 years and how does it compare with previous episodes? (ii) has this growth had an impact on...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011123863
We explore the stability properties of interest rate rules granting an explicit response to stock prices in a New-Keynesian DSGE model populated by Blanchard-Yaari non-Ricardian households. The constant turnover between long-time stock holders and asset-poor newcomers generates a financial...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011163119
Learning from the past is critical for shaping the future, especially when it comes to economic policymaking. Building … upon the current methods in the application of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to the large language models (LLMs), this paper … introduces Reinforcement Learning from Experience Feedback (RLXF), a procedure that tunes LLMs based on lessons from past …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015080332
This study seeks to construct a basic reinforcement learning-based AI-macroeconomic simulator. We use a deep RL (DRL …) approach (DDPG) in an RBC macroeconomic model. We set up two learning scenarios, one of which is deterministic without the … technological shock and the other is stochastic. The objective of the deterministic environment is to compare the learning agent …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015059665
In the growth literature, evidence on income convergence is mixed. In the development literature, health and education indicators are also often used. This study examines whether health and education levels are converging across countries and calculates their convergence speed, using data from...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248134
Against the background of Mexico's persistently high degree of inequality, this paper analyzes the country's experience with pro-poor policies over the last decade. A number of important government initiatives, implemented since the mid-1990s, have aimed at improving distributional equity...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248152
Many Asian countries (such as China, Singapore, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, India, and the Philippines) will experience a significant aging of their populations during the next several decades. This paper explores how these aging Asian countries are addressing and anticipating the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005248253
This paper examines the relationship between health aid and infant mortality, using data from 118 countries between 1973 and 2004. Health aid has a statistically significant effect on infant mortality: doubling per capita health aid is associated with a 2 percent reduction in the infant...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005263717
In Italy, health care budget ceilings are not effective. The poor control by the central government results in excessive use of expensive inputs, in long waiting lines for medical procedures, and in the emergence of large arrears to suppliers and commercial banks. To fully gain the benefits of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005263732