The extent to which changes in monetary policy rates lead to changes in loan and deposit rates for households and firms, referred to as 'pass-through', is an important ingredient of monetary policy transmission to output and prices. Using data on seven different bank interest rates in 30...

Geoeconomic fragmentation (GEF) is becoming entrenched worldwide, and the European Union (EU) is not immune to its effects. This paper takes stock of GEF policies impinging on-and adopted by-the EU and considers how exposed the EU is through trade, financial and technological channels. Motivated...