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Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MEASURING THE QUASI-FISCAL DEFICIT -- III. MACROECONOMIC RELEVANCE OF QUASI-FISCAL DEFICITS -- IV. ENERGY SECTOR CONDITIONALITY -- V. OUTCOMES AND LESSONS LEARNED -- VI. POLICY OPTIONS -- VII. EPILOGUE -- References.
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012691156
The setting of public utility prices involves balancing various competing government policy objectives, from equity concerns to ensuring the financial sustainability of providers and balancing public finances. In practice, public utility pricing often departs significantly from government...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10015059390
In recent years, recommendations for countries to unilaterally dollarize/eurorize have become common, particularly when the countries lack economic credibility. After exploring the characteristics of dollarizing/eurorizing economies, we look at the merits and costs of unilateral eurorization for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012677813
'Leaning against the wind' (LAW) with a higher monetary policy interest rate may have benefits in terms of lower real debt growth and associated lower probability of a financial crisis but has costs in terms of higher unemployment and lower inflation, importantly including a higher cost of a...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014408003
liberalization, privatization, and stabilization reforms. Theory predicts that decentralization may aggravate fiscal imbalances … over 19 years to address a central question of fact: Did privatization help to promote local governments' fiscal discipline …? The answer is clearly 'no' for privatization considered in isolation. However, privatization and subnational f …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009618582
pension liabilities during the reform's transition period, a pension privatization reform may transform IPD int …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012677645
Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. BRIEF REVIEW OF RESEARCH ON EL SALVADOR'S RECEIPTS OF REMITTANCES -- III. STYLIZED FACTS OF EL SALVADOR'S ECONOMY, 1995-2004 -- IV. MODEL SPECIFICATION AND DATA ISSUES -- V. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE: TRANSMISSION MECHANISM -- VI. CONCLUSIONS AND ECONOMIC...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012691067
One consequence of interest rates remaining 'too low for too long' since the Global Financial Crisis is the buildup in private leverage in emerging economies. These vulnerabilities have been laid bare by the COVID-19 shock. This paper employs the growth at risk framework (Adrian, Boyarchenko,...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014408871
The Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) for low-income countries (LICs) is a standardized analytical tool to monitor debt sustainability. This paper uses DSAs from three periods around the time of the global economic crisis to analyze the projected trajectories of debt ratios for a sample of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009618505
The degree of an economy's monetization, which has an important implication on economic growth, can be affected by the conduct of monetary policy, financial sector reform, and episodes of financial crises. The paper finds that monetization--measured by the ratio of broad money to nominal GDP--...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009618525