This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between financial openness and total factor productivity (TFP) growth using an extensive dataset that includes various measures of productivity and financial openness for a large sample of countries. We find that de jure capital...

Intro -- Contents -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THEORY -- III. MEASURING FINANCIAL OPENNESS -- IV. PATTERNS OF FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION -- V. MACROECONOMIC EVIDENCE ON EFFECTS OF FINANCIAL GLOBALIZATION -- VI. HOW DOES THE COMPOSITION OF CAPITAL FLOWS MATTER?...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SUDDEN STOPS AND MULTILATERAL INSURANCE -- III. CAPITAL FLOWS AND SUDDEN STOPS -- IV. IMF-SUPPORTED PROGRAMS -- V. MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS -- VI. IMF-SUPPORTED PROGRAMS AND SUDDEN STOPS -- VII. EXTENSIONS -- VIII. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS -- Appendix...

We provide new firm-level evidence on the effects of capital account liberalization. Based on corporate foreign-currency credit ratings data and a novel capital account restrictions index, we find that capital controls can substantially limit access to, and raise the cost of, foreign currency...

Firms play an important role in shaping income inequality at the aggregated country level, given that wages represent a significant proportion of household income. We investigate the distributional consequences of capital account liberalization, relying on firm level data to explore the...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SUDDEN STOPS AND RESERVES: SOME FACTS -- III. THE MODEL -- IV. APPLICATIONS -- V. EXTENSIONS -- VI. CONCLUDING COMMENTS -- APPENDIX: COMPUTATIONS -- REFERENCES.

This study contributes to the literature on capital account crises in two ways. First, our analysis of crisis episodes between 1994 and 2002 establishes a clear relationship between the persistence of crises, their complexity, and the intensity of movement of key macroeconomic variables. Second,...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL MONEY? -- III. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK-FACTORS THAT FACILITATE INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY STATUS -- IV. REASONS FOR THE DIFFERENT VIEWS -- V. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE TO DATE -- VI. MEDIUM-TERM PROSPECTS FOR THE EURO -- VII....

This paper explores how non-U.S. central banks behave when firms in their economies engage in currency mismatch, borrowing more heavily in dollars than justified by their operating exposures. We begin by documenting that, in a panel of 53 countries, central bank holdings of dollar reserves are...

After moving slowly downward for the better part of four decades, central bank gold holdings have risen since the Global Financial Crisis. We identify 14 "active diversifiers," defined as countries that purchased gold and raised its share in total reserves by at least 5 percentage points over...