the likelihood of transiting from wage-and-salary to self-employment. Finally, there is no evidence of higher district …

enough to raise employment rates, and lackluster real earnings along with still-rampant labor market informality suggest that …

unemployment, and end up being circumvented by informal contracts. This paper uses Brazilian microeconomic data to show that the … could have contributed to the ensuing higher rates of unemployment in the country. Moreover, the paper shows that states …

Traditionally, shocks to total factor productivity (TFP) are considered exogenous and the employment response depends …

-sector employment rates or unemployment rates on two measures of public-sector employment point to full crowding out. This means that …We quantify the extent to which public-sector employment crowds out private-sector employment using specially assembled … Middle East, North Africa, Caucasus and Central Asia. These countries simultaneously display high unemployment rates, low …

We build a small open economy, real business cycle model with labor market frictions to evaluate the role of employment … significant change in aggregate employment. …

, openness to trade, and changes in employment protection--using a panel of 18 industrial countries over 1960-2000. Since most …

Unemployment pressures among nationals are emerging in the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC). 2 … unemployment pressures while striking a balance between maintaining a liberal foreign labor policy and a reasonable level of …

increased in large firms. Employment of persons directly affected by the law declined, although the net effect on aggregate … employment was not significant. …