Fighting the COVID-19 pandemic required vaccinations; however, ending it requires vaccination equality. The progress in … vaccinations varies greatly across countries, with low- and middle-income countries having much lower vaccination rates than … challenges and vaccine hesitancy. This paper quantifies the importance of various factors in driving vaccination rates across …

impact of the pandemic and boosted consumer spending. First, the vaccination deployment has a statistically and economically …

-response policies have international spillovers. Bilateral product-level data covering about 95 percent of global goods trade reveals … sizable negative international spillovers to trade from supply disruptions due to domestic lockdowns. These international … spillovers accounted for up to 60 percent of the observed decline in trade in the early phase of the pandemic, but their effect …

over the last two decades. PICs have become more exposed to the region's business cycles, and spillovers from regional …

estate investment in China though a low-probability event would be sizable, with large spillovers to a number of China …

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. DATA -- III. ECONOMETRIC PRELIMINARIES -- IV. "INTERNATIONAL R&D SPILLOVERS …" REVISITED -- V. INSTITUTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL R&D SPILLOVERS -- VI. CONCLUSIONS -- APPENDIX A: ALTERNATIVE SPECIFICATION …