resulting in an acceleration of bank lending. In particular, regulatory reforms pertaining to loan classification and …

stand-alone agencies, though, a majority of bank supervisors are part of a central bank. The survey asked respondents about … accountability. Most agencies reported having operational independence. Bank supervisors were unique in viewing financial stabili …

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. SUSCEPTIBILITY OF BANKING REGULATION TO CAPTURE -- III. A MODEL OF BANK …

This paper introduces a comprehensive database on bank ownership for 137 countries over 1995-2009, and reviews foreign … bank behavior and impact. It documents substantial increases in foreign bank presence, with many more home and host … foreign bank presence negatively related with domestic credit creation. During the global crisis foreign banks reduced …

-level dataset for 558 commercial bank subsidiaries of the 86 largest multinational banks in the world, we find that taxes matter … subsidiary banks affect the intra-bank capital structure through international debt shifting. Using a novel subsidiary …: Capital Tightness -- Figures -- 1. Bank Leverage Histogram -- Technical Appendix. …

Although cross-border bank lending has fallen sharply since the crisis, extending our bank ownershipdatabase from 1995 …-2009 up to 2013 shows only limited retrenchment in foreign bank presence. Whilebanks from OECD countries reduced their foreign … presence (but still represent 89% of foreign bank assets), those from emerging markets and developing countries expanded abroad …