Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THE NONACCELERATING INFLATION RATE OF FACTOR UTILIZATION -- III. FACTOR UTILIZATION IN RUSSIA -- A. Capacity Utilization -- B. Labor Utilization -- C. Estimating the Natural Rate -- IV. OUTPUT GAP ESTIMATES -- A. Trend Fitting and Statistical Filtering...

This paper assesses Morocco's potential output and the scope for structural reforms to reverse the downward trend in economic performance observed since the Global Financial Crisis. Using multivariate filtering (MVF) techniques, our analysis finds that the downward secular trend in potential...

This paper analyzes the drivers of India's growth in the past five decades and considers baseline and upside scenarios of India's medium-term potential growth. Using a production function approach, the paper assesses the impact of the pandemic on the key factors of production and therefore its...

Potential Output is a key factor for debt sustaintability analysis and for developing strategies for growth, but unfortunately it is an unobservable variable. Using three methodologies (production function, switching, and state-space), this paper computes potential output for CAPDR countries...

This paper surveys the evidence on the effectiveness of monetary transmission in low-income countries. It is hard to come away from this review with much confidence in the strength of monetary transmission in such countries. We distinguish between the ""facts on the ground"" and ""methodological...

This paper uncovers Taylor rules from estimated monetary policy reactions using a structural VAR on U.S. data from 1959 to 2009. These Taylor rules reveal the dynamic nature of policy responses to different structural shocks. We find that U.S. monetary policy has been far more responsive over...

Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. A Brief Guide Monetary Analysis in the ECB's Strategy and Its Evolution Since 1998 -- III. Survey of the Theoretical Debate -- IV. The Importance of Money for Inflation Forecasts -- V. Disaggregated Monetary Analysis -- VI. How Time Path Dependent Should the...