problems in its labor market, reflected in its high long–term and youth unemployment. Our analysis of the drivers of labor …

that if annual GDP growth averages 7 percent and the employment elasticity is one-half, urban unemployment could double to …

impact on unemployment in the short term, but that this effect rapidly disappears in the medium term in countries with … with more rigid labor market institutions. These effects are even larger for youth unemployment in the short term and long …-term unemployment in the medium term. Conversely, large upfront, or gradual but significant, comprehensive labor …

relates average unemployment to average wage inflation; the curve is virtually vertical for high inflation rates but becomes …