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Taxation can contribute to state-building through a tax bargain in which taxpayers are willing to increase compliance in return for improved government accountability. There is limited evidence for this in sub-Saharan Africa where it is argued that the fiscal state is weak, with low tax revenues...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014362682
This paper examines the nature of gender bias in tax systems. Gender bias takes both explicit and implicit forms. Explicit gender bias is found in many personal income tax systems. Several countries, especially those in Western Europe, have undertaken to eliminate explicit gender bias in recent...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014398033
This paper explores the extent to which government revenue is affected by external shocks, and whether these effects are different for resource-rich as compared with non-resource-rich countries. We are particularly interested in the fate of poorer countries, as we assume they will find it more...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011588868
We analyse the social protection policy response to COVID-19 and its impact on household incomes in Uruguay during 2020 and 2021, based on static microsimulation methods. From the onset of the crisis, the Uruguayan government implemented adjustments to existing social protection policies as well...
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substantially reduce poverty and inequality to varying degrees depending on the taxes and transfers used. …
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equality in the first decade of the 2000s. In particular, the increasing contribution of direct taxes with respect to indirect … taxes promoted the progressivity of the tax system and contributed to the reduction of inequality. Yet, the effectiveness of … percentage of gross domestic product, the relative high contribution of indirect taxes, the inability to tax top incomes, and the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011532297
This paper proposes to understand a singular but salient factor that enables the wealthy to deflect their tax burden downwards: elites' political leverage to shape legislation via their capacity to influence political actors and policy outcomes. The analysis sheds light on alternative mechanisms...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011517306