both advanced and developing economies; and for the influence of shifts in the terms of trade …

prioritize human capital accumulation and reduce barriers to trade. Other policy areas include improving quality of institutions … and developing the financial sector. For commodity exporters reducing barriers to trade is the most important driver of …

Over the last two decades, world trade and production have become increasingly organized around global value chains … evolution over time in order to contribute to this topic. We find that GVC-related trade, rather than conventional trade, has a … the standard gravity literature for GVC trade; highlighting the key role of institutional features such as contract …

general equilibrium (CGE) trade model calibrated to 165 countries. The first scenario estimates effects from potential U … to capture dynamic effects, such as those stemming from trade policy uncertainty. More generally, our results both …

This paper assesses the interaction of international trade with climate policies, and the influence of trade on the … implementation of SDG 13 (climate change). Although international trade contributes directly to GHG emissions, increased trade can …. Given that emissions are not universally priced, the paper examines where policies related to trade may be misaligned with …

This paper investigates if trade can help achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal of poverty … eradication using microeconomic and macroeconomic mechanisms and the effects of trade and trade policy on consumer prices … household may be lifted out of or pushed into poverty. The impacts of trade on growth and longer-term consequences of trade …

This paper presents an overview of the trade and policy issues in the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals … the attention they merit, despite their profound consequences on how to use - or not use - trade policies for promoting … development. Following this, it examines the three major phases in the MDG/SDG progress: first, a pro-trade agenda during the …

Trade in health products has been flourishing in recent years as the demand for better health has been growing … throughout the world. At the same time, trade in health products is hampered by substantive trade barriers. In this paper, we … availability of health-related products such as pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical equipment. The case for liberalizing trade …

disentangle effects from various channels that interact at the same time, such as flows of tourists, trade of goods, and changes …