partnership between governments, multilaterals, such as the Bank, and the bilateral institutions, the private sector, and civil …

Macroeconomic costs of conflict are generally very large, with GDP per capita about 28 percent lower ten years after … conflict onset. This is overwhelmingly driven by private consumption, which falls by 25 percent ten years after conflict onset …. Conflict is also associated with dramatic declines in official trade, with exports (imports) estimated to be 58 (34) percent …

improves income distribution in countries with weak institutions and at higher risk of conflict. Reallocating social protection …

institutions are weak or under stress. This paper examines what the evidence shows about the utility of community …