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Many governments have initiated public employment programs or expanded the existing ones in response to high unemployment. However, in many middle-income countries, a relatively large government coexists with persistently high unemployment. This paper explores the question of whether public...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014275789
Published in late 2017, the Italian medium-term fiscal plan aims to achieve structural balance by 2020, although concrete, high-quality measures to meet the target are yet to be specified. This paper seeks to contribute to the discussion by (i) assessing spending patterns to identify areas for...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011848164
This paper studies the impact on growth, welfare, and government debt of fiscal reform packages in a theoretical model drawing together three key features of the endogenous growth literature: (i) investment in technology (in the form of human capital) offsets diminishing marginal productivity of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011711843
This paper reviews the Public Financial Management (PFM) reform stategy for 16 Pacific Island Countries (PICs) during the period 2010-2020. The strategy was endorsed by the finance and economic ministers of the region (FEMM) in 2010. The paper analyzes more than 30 PEFA assessments carried out...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012302044
An equalization system ensures that subnational governments can provide similar level of public services at a comparable level of own tax-effort. This paper focuses on the importance of spending needs factors in the design of equalization transfers as well as special purpose transfers-and the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014400983
Japan has ambitious economic goals: 3 percent nominal growth; 2 percent inflation; and a primary budget surplus …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011715113
crisis, Japan attempted just such an exit. This note revisits the Bank of Japan’s experience and draws potential lessons for … nature of the assets acquired during the present crisis could pose additional complications, parts of Japan’s arsenal …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014403160
Estimates of output gaps continue to play a key role in assessments of the stance of business cycles. This paper uses three approaches to examine the historical record of output gap measurements and their use in surveillance within the IMF. Firstly, the historical record of global output gap...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012392643
The Fiscal Theory of the Price Level (FTPL) is the claim that, in a popular class of theoretical models, the price level is sometimes determined by fiscal policy rather than monetary policy. The models where this claim has been established assume that all decisions are made by an...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012112131
We argue that in an economy with downward nominal wage rigidity, the output gap is negative on average. Because it is more difficult to cut wages than to increase them, firms reduce employment more during downturns than they increase employment during expansions. This is demonstrated in a simple...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012103632