Private consumption has been a key driver of growth in Brazil for more than a decade. Over this time, Brazilian …

We revisit Lipset?s law, which posits a positive and significant relationship between income and democracy. Using … dynamic and heterogeneous panel data estimation techniques, we find a significant and negative relationship between income and … democracy: higher/lower incomes per capita hinder/trigger democratization. Decomposing overall income per capita into its …

In the cross section of countries, there is a strong positive correlation between trade and income, and a negative …) identification strategy, and exploit countries' exogenous geographic characteristics to estimate the causal effect of trade on income … and inequality. Our cross-country estimates for trade's impact on real income are consistently positive and significant …

Global merchandise trade expanded rapidly over the last 6 1\2 decades and its relationship with global income has seen … exports and income. The paper estimates trade and income elasticities using ADL models taking account of structural breaks … and income are in a 'new normal' or only 'back to (an old) normal' after the GTC and GFC …

This paper examines the dynamic relationship between trade and income. While most economists agree that increased trade … leads to an increase in average income, economic theory is ambiguous about the possible effects on the long-run growth rate … of the economy. Using a dynamic panel data model, the hypotheses of no long-run effects of trade on income and on income …

As labor has become more mobile in today''s world, it is important to understand the income and welfare of nationals … migration, and calculates them using New Zealand data. Growth performance measured by New Zealanders'' income has been clearly …