comprehensive framework for sustainable money solutions in support of social assistance. The framework consists of eight building … blocks that may help policymakers i) take stock and assess emergency fixes taken to scale up mobile money in a crisis context …

cut interest rates as much as needed for economic stimulus now is to change from a paper standard to an electronic money … electronic money; the paper currency interest rate can be either lowered below zero or raised above zero. Such an ability to vary …

We develop a theory of money and credit as competing payment instruments, then put it to work in applications. Buyers … choice of payment method interesting also imply equilibrium price dispersion. We deliver closed-form solutions for money … data, and money-interest correlations in macro data. We analyze the effects of inflation on welfare, price dispersion and …

input for production. The quantity control is implemented by auctioning licenses for the restricted input (e.g., a pollution … permit or a production license). The paper shows that liberalizing the quantity control could reduce investment in the …

industrialized countries. Standard business cycle models that assume flexible prices and wages, in the Real Business Cycle tradition … of a two-country world with sticky nominal prices and wages and a flexible exchange rate. The structure here predicts …