policies and aid flows …

to volatile foreign aid, in a small open economy model that incorporates typical features of low-income countries. Within … a class of policy rules, it jointly considers the optimal aid spending and international reserve accumulation policies … aid, while partially accumulating foreign exchange reserves to offset Dutch disease effects. Also, allocating relatively …

-political instability once fiscal policy and remittances have been accounted for. It focuses on import prices to reflect the vulnerability … and income per capita. On the other hand, while remittances seem to dampen the adverse effect of import food price shocks …

This paper discusses migration and remittances trends, and calculates the natural (or benchmark) level of dollarization … remittances due to the economic slowdown since the spread of COVID-19 affects the macroeconomic fundamentals that determine demand …

credit ratings. By means of binary-choice models, we find that climate change vulnerability has adverse effects on sovereign …

therefore investigates the impact of climate change vulnerability and resilience on sovereign bond yields and spreads in 98 … advanced and developing countries over the period 1995-2017. We find that the vulnerability and resilience to climate change … with greater vulnerability to risks associated with climate change. Furthermore, partitioning the sample into country …